General function module
Power supply: Provide stable voltage (5V, 3V, etc.) to each module in the ECU, and connect to the 12V battery in the engine compartment; it can also be used as the standard voltage of the AD converter to achieve higher precision.
Input Buffer: Converts a digital input signal to a signal level (signal level) that can be input to a microcontroller.
AD Converter: Converts an analog input signal into a digital value that can be input to a microcontroller.
Microcontroller: Calculate and output the control quantity through various input signals.
EEPROM: Electronically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory (Electronically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory), a memory that can store data that should be memorized even if the power supply is no longer supplied after the engine stops.
Output driver: According to the output signal of the microcontroller, convert it into a signal form that can be driven by the actuator, or increase the voltage.
Communication driver/receiver: The communication driver converts the output data of the microcontroller into a communication signal that meets the communication protocol; the communication receiver converts the signal sent by other ECUs into a signal level that can be input to the microcontroller.