In addition, the global procurement landscape under new technology trends may also change. Since there is still no successful underlying architecture solution (including electronic architecture and software architecture) that has been proven to be universally applicable, the traditional approach of “one set of technical solutions” + “localized procurement” commonly used in the automotive industry may no longer be applicable. . On the other hand, digitalization has made intellectual property control and management, as well as data ownership, storage and application, extremely sensitive across countries around the world. This creates huge decision-making uncertainty for car companies in the selection of technology partners and supplier selection.